Essay on Anorexia Nervosa - 1763 Words

Davis 1 Anorexia nervosa is defined as a refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight, in addition to a disturbance in perception of body shape and weight( DSM-IV-TR, 2000). In this paper we will examine Carolyn Costin’s battle with anorexia nervosa from a biopsychosocial perspective and what reinforced her disorder. This will be followed by diagnostically using the DSM-IV-TR in Carolyn’s case and conceptually using the sociocultural dimension. The implications for both Carolyn, her social and cultural context, as well as society at large will be addressed. The paper will then conclude with the successful treatments of anorexia nervosa and why we should care about the disorder. The biological dimension of†¦show more content†¦The psychological dimension of Carolyn’s anorexia nervosa has to do with her being a perfectionist and model student in school. An example of this is seen when Carolyn insists her mother drives her to school, so she could study longer in the car (Sattler et al., 1998). Davis 2 Carolyn’s need for control moved from her academics to dieting, which she associated with her improved self-esteem, self-control, and thinner body figure (Sue et al., 2010). When Carolyn entered college her obsession with controlling her weight, her shape, and food worsened. Her labeling of â€Å"allowable† food, her obsession with exercising, and distortions of seeing herself as fat, shows how her irrational thoughts tie into the psychological dimension of her eating disorder (Sue et al., 2010). As Carolyn continued to starve herself, her mood swings, depression, distorted view and perception of her body as being â€Å"fine† only increased her obsession with food. Carolyn’s experiences of denying herself the right to eat because she felt if she lost control she would end up fat and unattractive, shows the control anorexia nervosa has over the mind (Sattler et al., 1998). The social dimension of Carolyn’s disorder began with her and her friends always being on diets in high school and the positive comments Carolyn would receive from her mother and friends about her weight loss (Sattler et al., 1998). Perhaps Carolyn was uncomfortable with her body developing, soShow MoreRelatedAnorexia Nervosa1947 Words   |  8 Pagespeople who do. If we were to look the world as a whole, we would realize that from every 100 teenage girls, 1 to 5 suffers from Anorexia(EDV). As defined by the National Eating Disorders Association, â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.† (NEDA). The term â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa† literally means â€Å"neurotic loss of appetite†, and could be more generally defined as the result of a prolonged self-starvationRead MoreUnderstanding Anorexia Nervosa1008 Words   |  5 PagesAnorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder, with more than 10% of those that suffer from it will die. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is categorized by severe food restriction, excessive exercise and body dysmorphia, which leads those that suffer from it to believe that they are overweight. Anorexia nervosa is commonly misunderstood by the general public. Research has disproved many of the previous thoughts about anorexia nervosa. According to the scientificRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesAnorexia Nervosa I have chosen to study about Anorexia Nervosa because I would like to know more about this topic and why people do it to themselves. I wonder why young people in particular feel that they need to be so thin. In this assignment I would like to study mainly on why teenage girls feel so conscious about their bodies, what they feel about the way that women are portrayed in the media and the effects of Anorexia Nervosa. To be able to cover thisRead More Anorexia Nervosa Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pages Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (NAMI 1). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, â€Å"†¦in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students†(Maloney and Kranz 60). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if not treated, anorexia can lead to permanent physical damage or deathRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Essay2312 Words   |  10 PagesAnorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that is most prevalent in adolescent girls and young women. It is distinguished by the loss of at least 15% of the expected body weight (Long). The disease is characterized by the obsessive fear of gaining weight; through this fear, the person engages in dangerous dieting habits that prevent weight gain. According to statistics in 2011 anorexia is categorized as the third most common chronic disease among adolescents, in addition, eating disorders also haveRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pagesare either overweight or just not good enough. With implying that it might result in some type of eating disorder, such as anorexia nervosa. This obsession of being thin has rapidly increased over the years and is still accelerating.(DSM) This type of disorder, mainly appearing in females has over five million cases and one million in males.(family dr) Most kids with anorexia are usually perfectionist, or the kids who do extremely well in school and focus on pleasing others. (guide) Most people denyingRead MoreThe Trauma Of Anorexia Nervosa953 Words   |  4 PagesThe trauma of anorexia Let’s start saying that in my family two of them had or still have anorexia: my cousin and my aunt. It has been a pain in the heart. For years, I was afraid of the magnitude of this mental disorder. Anyway, this disorder is something that intrigued me for a long time, so I am going to try to transmit the pain it can release this disorder to the family and mainly to the person who actually has it. The mental disorder, called: anorexia nervosa, is a disorder characterized byRead MoreBackground History of Anorexia Nervosa1452 Words   |  6 PagesHISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA Anorexia nervosa’s (AN) first descriptions began during the twelfth and thirteenth century with the historical Saint Catherine of Siena (Deans, 2011). It is related to participating in religious functions and medieval practices of self-starvation (Deans, 2011). Furthermore, the death of popular singer, Karen Carpenter in 1983 created the societal awareness about the effect of anorexia nervosa and become widely known at the end of the twentieth century (RaderRead More Anorexia Nervosa Essay examples657 Words   |  3 Pages Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by a refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight. A disturbance in perception of body shape and weight is an essential feature of anorexia nervosa. It appears to be far more present in industrialized societies, in which there is an abundance amount of food and in which being considered attractive is linked to being thin. The disorder is most common in countries like the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia and Japa n. More than 95% of cases of anorexia nervosaRead MoreThe Eating Disorder And Anorexia Nervosa1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe eating disorder anorexia nervosa is one of complex nature that is caused and sustained by many interconnected factors of life. Characterized by strict dieting, an unrealistic perception of body image, excessive exercise, depression, and OCD, this disorder has the ability to boycott the lives of many individuals (Pinel, 2014). In order to understand the effects that this disorder has, it is essential to look at the socio-cultural, psychological, and physiological factors this disorder can entail

The Movie The Forest - 851 Words

The movies. A place where everyone comes to see entertainment on the big screen. Going to the movies has become very common in American culture. Sometimes though movies can be more than movies; they become events which can pull you in and make you feel like you are a part of the movie. No movies do that better than horror movies, which could have you sitting at the edge of your seat in one minute, then have you cowering back in your seat the next minute. I experienced a horror movie like that, it pulled me into the movie and made me feel everything the main character felt. The movie is called The Forest. The movie uses effective scare tactics such as creepy environment, jump scares, and psychological horror. The Forest is about a woman going to find her twin sister who got lost in a forest. But it is not just any forest the sister got lost in, it is the Aokigahara forest in Japan which is also called the suicide forest because of the high amounts of suicides committed in the forest. The movie is able to utilize the inherent creepiness in the forest, to keep the movie suspenseful and full of tension. Throughout the movie the forest is eerily quiet and all you hear is the crunching of twigs under the protagonist feet or the sound of the wind rustling the branches of the trees. All these sounds keep you at the edge of your seat, wondering when the first ghost or ghoul will pop out. Since there is no real music, and no signs when a jump scare could happen you are leftShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Forrest Gump 1603 Words   |  7 Pages The movie Forrest Gump played by Tom Hank is a story about Forest Gump a simple man and his journey through life. Gump was simple minded and liv ed his life by a set of values taught to him by his mother (Sally Field). While Forest sat down waiting for a bus, he tells his story. Forest takes part in several defining historical moments such as the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal and also had painful experiences. Despite his setbacks and naive nature, he struggles and triumphs in everythingRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1197 Words   |  5 PagesIn A Midsummer Night’s Dream, the audience is never truly privy to any of the characters’ dreams; however, Shakespeare portrays reality as a sort of dream. The forest symbolizes a realm where anything can happen, with no regard for time or logic, much like in a dream. Therefore, when the lovers come out of the forest, without explanation for their actions, they believe it to be a dream, even though it had real-life consequences. By having the characters talk about their dreams and believe theirRead MoreHistorical Investigation to Prove Accuracy in the Film, Defiance1792 Words   |  7 Pagesexperiences of Bielski Otriad. In order to understand how accurate the film â€Å"Defiance† was, research has to be done to investigate specific internal and external situations the Bielskis faced during World War II in the forests of Belarus. Assessing the differences and the similarities in both the movie and the documentary will be the method used to analyse. The method that will be used in the analysis will explain the dThe main sources for this investigation are The Bielski Brothers, Jerusalem in the WoodsRead MoreBook Review : First Or Watch The Movie First1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe movie first? This is a question I often ask myself when knowing a movie I am about to see is based out of a book. I usually choose based upon the opinions of my friends, many of whom swear â€Å"the book is always better than the movie†. (Kitto, 2011) Often times, I find their opinions are the opposite of mine. We all realize that when taking a book and turning it in into a movie it is impossible to include everything as there are many things that do not transfer well from book to movie. SoRead MoreCompairison of Young Goodman Brown and No Country For Old Men900 Words   |  4 PagesThe story Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne depicts a man whose inner desire is to experience the evil forbidden forest, as well as retaining his image as a, â€Å"good and honest Christian.† This internal conflict is also portrayed in the movie No Country for Old Men, which was directed and written by the Coen brothers. In the movie the main character, Llewellyn Moss, is confronted with the moral dilemma of either keeping the drug money he found or calling the police. Although he morally makesRead MoreNazy Atrocities in the Movie Defiance708 Words   |  3 Pagesis not a typical holocaust movie, although there are scenes of Nazi atrocities, the story is more about those Jews who escaped the G erman camps and fought back for their freedom. It is based on a true story of the Bielski brothers, they led thousands of Jews to hide from the Germans in the forests of Nazi occupied Belarus, and they managed to keep them alive for several years. This movie is historically very accurate except for minor issues that happened in the movie. The Bielski brothers wereRead MoreLuis Sotelo. Mr. Ortiz. English 12. 27 February 2017. Macbeth1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthe setting and events. Washizu (Macbeth), Asaji (Lady Macbeth), Miki (Banquo), and the forest spirit (three witches) display both similarities and differences to the characters they reenact in Shakespeare’s play. The similarities and differences shape both of these pieces. It is believed that Shakespeare intended for Macbeth and Banquo to be foils of each other. This can be explored in both the play, and the movie with Washizu and Miki. In the play, Macbeth and Banquo are fighting Macdonwald and theRead MoreMovie Analysis : Forrest Gump1604 Words   |  7 Pageslike a box of chocolates...You never know what you re going to get, this quote was stated by Forrest Gump (Tom Hanks). Forrest Gump makes a big emphasis on how life is erratic and no one knows what lies ahead. Forrest was the main character of the movie, telling his life journey at a bus stop. A story of a man who was born with below average intelligence and still managed to accomplish many milestones in his life, all while creating relationships with people. This 1994 American drama film depictedRead MorePersuasive Essay About My Favorite Movie754 Words   |  4 Pagesfavorite movie. I was fascinated by how close to nature Pat, Skip, Jenny, and Toby were and particularly how close to wildlife they were. Every time I watched that movie I was just in awe of how beautiful it was and how they could sustain themselves and persevere through anything including multiple animal attacks. When I was a kid I always imagined running free in a field filled with flowers and being so close to nature and feeling free to explore my own little world. I have watched this movie countlessRead MoreElla Enchanted Book vs. the Movie Essay1512 Words   |  7 PagesElla Enchanted book vs. the movie Many books that were published years ago have recently been made into movies. One of the well-known books that have been made into a film is Ella Enchanted (1997) by Gail Carson Levine. This book won several awards, including the Newbery Honor book in 1998. Ella enchanted, the Disney movie version was released in 2004. Anne Hathaway played the role of Ella and it was directed by Tommy O’Haver. The story talks about a girl named Ella who is cursed at birth by a

Business Research Methodology Theory

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Research Methodology for Theory. Answer: Introduction: Motivation of the Research The research study shows that the main objective behind this research study is to analyse what kind of relationship is there in between the fee of franchisee and the rate of royalty, in respect of the average outlet sales. As per the authors, there have been varied studies that have addressed the information in respect of the forms of payments in this matter, but all these researches have failed in analysing the relationship in between the initial franchisee fee and the royalty rates. The rationale of this research study is to determine how the franchisors conclude pricing in case of royalty rate and franchisee fee. In addition to it, the research study claims that it will contribute to the educational institutes by offering a source of elaboration. Development of Theory in the Research This research study has reviewed many literature papers which are related with the pricing of franchisee. Some of the researchers (nmamit, 2014) considered these payment methods as the twin parts of the payment mechanism (nmamit, 2014). This is being done to be ensured that the franchisee is receiving nothing more than the normal profits on the investment related with the franchise system. In this research study, the authors are focused towards testing the relationship in between the initial franchise fees and royalty rates. For this purpose primary data collection method has been taken up for demonstrating the values of the illustrative data for the franchisee research (nmamit, 2014). This research study starts with the brief introduction of the theoretical perspectives and developing hypothesis. After developing hypothesis, empirical testing of the hypothesis is initiated and thereafter the results of the research study are discussed in the light of franchise theory. Some of the ci ted works were interested in knowing one of the payment method and not the other; while some of them were interested in other payment method and not the first one. Construction of the Research Questions The research questions are required to be clear, precise and researchable. The questions should be accompanied by the relevant factors or variables. Academic relevance is essential for formulating the researchable question as it shows the unique study undertaken rather than reproducing any existing one. The literature review conducted in this research study clearly portrays that the statuses and the rules in relation with the franchising and franchise contracts are mainly subjected to the regulations, which are associated with the state security laws (Lehmann, 1985). This subject was seen, as the franchisee purchase is nothing but the essence of the financial investment done by the organization (Lehmann, 1985). Franchisor carries the right of competing keeping the expectation that many of them are going to bid up the prices for showing the normal returns after the decrease in cost of operations (Blair Kaserman, 1982). Researchers have pointed in their research study that hypothesis is a formal statement which offers the expected relationship in between the dependent and independent variables(Sen, 1993). Hypothesis 1: Keeping everything same in environment, the higher the fees amount of franchisee gets, the smaller the royalty goes Hypothesis 2: Keeping everything same in the environment, the higher the fees of the franchisor gets, the higher the royalty rate gets. Model For testing the hypothesis in between the franchisee fees and the royalty rates, Lafontaine (Lafontaine Shaw, 1996) shows in his research study that the franchisee fees are regressed on the rates of royalty for managing the differences related with the sales. This research study is important, as many of the previous research studies have not been successful in determining the relationship in between the franchisee fees and royalty rates. In this research mode, the researcher has tried to control the differences across the franchise system by using the sales per unit data of both the methods(MATHEWSON, 1985). Collection of the Data The data for this particular research study has been collected from the national mail survey, which was conducted with the fast food industry. The base for this research study was based on the research done by Lehman (Lehmann, 1985). With the help of the study done by Lehman (Lehmann, 1985), researchers of this study were able to compile the list of the fast food franchise system. After taking some preliminary steps for the development of the questionnaire, tithe authors of this research study conducted a pilot study for the questionnaire evaluation with 50 franchisors. After updating the questionnaire, survey was done with the fast food restaurant people and 152 questionnaires effective and complete questionnaire were gained. Analysis of Data Before testing the hypothesis, the author replicated the study of Lafontaine (Lafontaine F. , 1994), with the current study. The findings were quite persistent with the research of Lafontaines (Lafontaine F. , 1994) research, in which rates of royalty are not considered as significant (Lafontaine F. , 1994). The findings of the research study supports the findings related with the hypothesis 2, which focuses that the fees of franchisee are not being utilised for developing extra value from the franchisee (Lafontaine F. , 1994). Discussion It is observed that the selected literature reviews were focused on both kinds of fee methods. However, every author has contradictory statements because of which the motive of research is obscure. It is quite relevant to indicate that the research questions do specifies much about the researchs scope(Caves, 1976). There are two implications related with the results of this research study. Firstly, if the organization is not using the initial fee for recovering the extra value than it should be believed that this factor does not act as the performance bond. Secondly, organization should focus on deriving high level of profits from the continuous association of the franchise system (Caves, 1976). Conclusion This research study concludes that the initial fee of franchisee should not be considered as the catalyst for developing the surplus value after the royalty payment. Bibliography Blair, R. D., Kaserman, D. L. (1982). Optimal Franchising. Southern Economic Journal. Caves, R. (1976). Franchising: Firms, Markets, and Intangible Assets. Southern Economic Journal. Lafontaine, F. (1994). The evolution of ownership patterns in franchise systems. Journal of Retailing. Lafontaine, F., Shaw, K. L. (1996). The Dynamics of Franchise Contracting: Evidence from Panel Data. NBER. Lehmann, D. R. ( 1985). Market research and analysis. Richard D. Irwin. MATHEWSON, G. (1985). The Economics of Franchise Contracts. JOURNAL OF LAW AND ECONOMICS. nmamit. (2014). Mandatory Disclosure of the Information. nmamit. Sen, K. C. (1993). The use of initial fees and royalties in business-format franchising. Managerial and Decision Economics.

Organizational Change Management for ANZ Bank -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Change Management for ANZ Bank. Answer: Introduction The following report is about the change in management and change in leadership of Australian and New Zealand Bank (ANZ Bank). It is one of the biggest companies of Australia and is the largest company of New Zealand. The company also happens to be the most successful business ventures of Australia and New Zealand. It has a rich and inspiring history which is about 170 years ago when it happened to be Bank of Australia at the time of its inception and has evolved from there. Its evolution has witnessed many alterations and modifications in its management which has led it to become the leading business enterprise in Australia and New Zealand. Being a banking institution it has to undergo many changes with the changing economic structure and demand of the market and ANZ has premiered in every aspect of management change. It has become a public listed company with its shareholders who number in lakhs. The following report will discuss and examine in details the theories and models of ch ange in management of ANZ and the models and theories of change in leadership which ANZ has experienced in its way to become one of the biggest banks of two neighbor countries. Theory of Change Management There are a number of change theories which are implemented in the management of an institution such as ANZ bank which has proven to be fruitful for the company. ANZ has expanded its business in 5 different divisions which comes with a requirement of change in the management of the institution. ANZ has its main branches in New Zealand, Australia and Asia Pacific and its divisions are based in these countries with an addition of shared and institutional services (Stockport et al. 2012). There are five main theories of change which ANZ has implemented in its management. These changes describe why and in what way ANZ has executed these changes and it also illustrates the process ANZ has undergone and the directions it has followed. The change theories are: General Theory of Change: This particular theory is comprised of four sub-theories which are implemented by ANZ bank in its management. These theories are: Life Cycle Theory: There is a linear path followed by the change in which the next change is executed only when the previous change has completed its implementation (Heijungs and Suh 2013). ANZ educated and introduced its customers with products and services such as credit cards, mortgages, personal loans and transaction banking. After the implementation of this retail plan it introduced Commercial Banking. Teleological Theory:It is determined by the concept of strategy. It focuses on having a target and completing it with a proper strategy and within time before making any further changes (Burke 2017). ANZ has been a beacon of financial educator by making significant changes in financial inclusion. It has introduced Saver Plus scheme for financial inclusion and implemented it like an expert. Dialectical Theory:This theory states that ANZ bank has put itself at the center of a conflict between internal and external competing conflicts. There is always a hunt of power in an organization such as ANZ but the notion to maintain the stability by making changes in the organization at the same time is established by the this theory (Halbesleben, Whiteman and Crawford 2014). In 1990 ANZ made John McFarlane its new CEO with a completely new team in its higher management which was done to achieve a sustainable growth in the long-term. Evolutionary Theory: It is concerned about the competition, survival and innovation in the organization. This is supported by the process of selection and change in structure (Crawford and Krebs 2013). In 2000, ANZ went for a transformation which was taken forward as bank with a human face. It altered the nature of work, the structure of work and induced growth in the business of bank in quick time. Theory of Emergent and Incremental Change: This theory states that the change can be executed in an unplanned manner when there is introduction of new technology (Nyberg and Ployhart 2013). When ANZ bank went through such a change its organizational efficiency improved a lot and the members were benefited by this change as their work become easier and they had the leverage of technology to get their work done with much accuracy. Theory of Temporal Planned Change: This theory of change is comprised of four aspects of change which are socializing, engineering, commanding and teaching (Cummings and Worley 2014). Each aspect is separately implemented such as in commanding the coercive agents are deployed to make changes, in engineering the analytics play the major part such as designing the process of work to speed up the work. Teaching refers to a planned and logical way of learning the work process and socializing insinuates towards making relationships with the customers. Equilibrium Model of Strategic Change: This theory is separated between the convergence of equilibrium in which slow and gradual changes take place and the sudden changes which reorient and reshuffle the entire management of the ANZ bank (Smith 2014). The former one takes longer durations to happen and the latter one is fast. Theory of Strategic Change Complexity: It says that organizations are complex in nature and the environmental uncertainty changes the status and nature of management (Eden and Ackermann 2013). It makes them more complex with introduction of rules and regulations that governs the strategy of the ANZ bank. Models of Change Management There are many models of Change Management which are followed by number of organizations according to their nature of work and requirement of the time. ANZ bank is an organization which has undergone many changes in all these years. But mostly it has used the Lewins Change Management Model (Cummings, Bridgman and Brown 2016). This model is known to be the most widely accepted and used model of change across the biggest organizations of the world. It is a common model which works for any type of business may it be small, new or of any nature. This theory is the foundation stone for all the change theories since it has been postulated in 1940. It simply says three things which are unfreeze, change and refreeze. The revelations of these three aspects are: Unfreeze: This dimension of the theory is about accepting the changes which are important at the time and breaks the current status quo of the organization to make way for new changes to happen. The main point in this aspect to make everyone believe that the current status cannot continue and there is a need for change. This message can be argued on the base of declining sales, poor customer satisfaction, deteriorating financial status etc. To implement this theory the management needs to challenge the behaviors, beliefs, attitudes and results which exist (Al-Haddad and Kotnour 2015). In context of the ANZ bank, bringing John McFarlane to head the organization made this theory applicable as he talked about changing the current state of work in the bank and introduced new changes which were radically different as compared to the ongoing practice. He introduced three major leadership programs and emphasized on the culture of work being practiced in ANZ. In the beginning these changes a re very stressful to accept but after some time people get used to the new set of methods and get comfy with it. Change: After the phase of unfreeze has taken its course there is a feeling of uncertainty in the management of ANZ bank. It is during the course of change that people of ANZ start making peace with those uncertainties by the understating its implications and accepting it for future purpose. People start to believe in those changes and see a way through towards new horizons of work. This transition does not happen in quick time but settles down slowly and gradually (Al-Haddad and Kotnour 2015). People take their time and accept it by participating actively in the new courses. Change Curve is a related model which signifies the level of acceptance in the management which includes personal change over into new atmosphere of work (Blozis and Harring 2015). It happens only when people get to know the benefits of change which is an important motivation as not everyone is inclined to accept it just out of the goodness of their hearts. ANZ bank has done a lot to make people believe in the c hanges which starts from communication between the employees and time they are leveraged to embracethem. ANZ started programs that connect its employees to the organization to conclude this transition. Refreeze: When the transition is near completion and people feel comfortable in their new environment ANZ was ready to refreeze. The methods used by ANZ to illustrate refreeze were to prepare an organizational stability chart and to display consistent description of jobs (Al-Haddad and Kotnour 2015). Refreeze state needs to institutionalize and adopt the changes which people have undergone in ANZ bank. This directly implies that ANZ needed to use the changes more often by inducing the in daily work of the bank. This displays the belief of ANZ that people are now confident and stable in using the new ways in which the bank will work. It lays the foundation stone for any further changes which ANZ will introduce as it checks the acceptance among its employees. The successful change was celebrated by ANZ to acknowledge the pain and efforts made by its employees in realizing the change process which is an award in itself. Theory of Change Leadership Leadership is a key factor in bringing about any type of change in the organization. It is more of a psychological concept than a practice which needs only implementation. For the sake of growth and progress in the changing world leadership must be dynamic which understands the importance of change and that too at the right time (Saeed et al. 2014). At first ANZ bank has overcome the FUD factor which states that every change initiated in any organization. Fear, uncertainty and doubt are the main hindrances in any change to be accomplished. Psychology of employees was observed to be in a state of comfort. Change makes them uncomfortable as it is not familiar to them (Cameron and Green 2015). They start to doubt themselves as the new environment is uncertain and there is as sense of incompetence which creeps in their minds.To mitigate these challenges ANZ made its employees believe that the gains which they will get is way more than the loss which they are feeling.ANZ bank changes the dynamics of human factor as well as of the organization to make people believe that the change will pay them good dividends. Some aspects of leadership change practiced by ANZ are: Creation of compelling statements of change: ANZ bank made a point by showing its employees the status of business of its various divisions across the world and also compared it with other banking institutions who were making much more profits than them (Jehanzeb and Bashir 2013). The current state of market and the trends which were being developed in the banking world were some tools used by ANZ. Leadership appealed to the competence of its employees to undergo changes which were upgradations in the working methods which were needed to stay in the game. Communication between the leadership and employees: After the realization of statements made by ANZ there was a need of continuous communication between the management and the working staff so oversee the acceptance of change and the degree of change which was going to take place (Zhang and Venkatesh 2013). Communication kept the employees on a leash and proper monitoring was also possible due to that. More the communication more the implementation. It helped the leadership to get into the conscience of its employees which made them realize that how important these changes are for ANZ bank. Maximization of Participation: As leading a change is not a one man job and it should not be left on time to happen. ANZ deployed all its top level management to supervise and participate in the change process proactively so that it does not make the employees feel that they are the only one who are making the effort (Cameron and Green 2015). Collective participation helped ANZ to bring out change in an efficient manner. Models of Change Leadership There are three models of Change leadership which can be deployed to successfully mentor the changes. These three models and Group Leadership, Individual Leadership and Societal Leadership, as the size of the ANZ bank organization is huge and ranges to almost all corners of the globe they practiced two leadership styles to accomplish change. The two models of Change leadership are: Group Leadership: John McFarlane joined ANZ bank in 1990 and was given the freedom to choose its own team with new visions and ways of working. He developed a team of like-minded professionals who believed in the visions and aims of ANZ bank and collectively implemented the changes which were required at that time. John and his team brought many positive changes and achieved goals such as enhancing customer satisfaction, improving employee engagement, increased community recognition and also completely changed the financial performance of ANZ keeping the shareholders in consensus (Paunova 2015). In accomplishing these goals the entire team worked together to bring about technological change adopted from various business strategies practiced in the world, financial schemes analogous to the market conditions and so on. Societal Leadership: The major change which was brought about by ANZ was cultural one. Changing the working culture from the top level of management to the bottom level of employees was a tough job for the management which was accomplished with much precision. Working culture of internal staff showed significant improvement according to the feedback given by the customers (Martin 2014). ANZ worked a lot to find and nurture talent in its organization which proved to be very fruitful for them. Employees were duly rewarded for their good performance which motivated them towards change. ANZ kept everyone together as a group of people sharing same enthusiasm and interest to accept change. Recommendations Global finance has faced a lot of atrocities such as Global Financial Crisis of 1930. At that time the banking and finance sector took maximum hit as they are the fundamental entities of global finance. However, banks of Australia and New Zealand are more robust and strong than the banks in other parts of the world. This was due to the changes which they were willing to adopt to sustain themselves. There are certain recommendations which can be useful for ANZ bank if done before making any changes. Some recommendations are: Resource management: Available resources should be managed and used efficiently to bring about any change. These resources can be monetary, technological as well as human resources. Providing these resources to the employees can make things smooth during a transition. Career Structure: When a staff is realized that the change can improve his career prospect in the administrative matters and can lead him to greater heights he can be more inclined towards change. Strategic Approach: There should be a strategy which requires the employees to enhance their skill set by educating themselves about the new trends and technologies being used world over. They should feel the need of higher education which can be of financial orientation. There should be an agreement that the support staff will work in administrative field with definite roles and functions. There should also be a holistic plan for all the staff who work in ANZ bank. Conclusion It can be concluded from the above discussion that change in the working culture of any organization is inevitable. With rapid globalization there are numerous practices which are coming into existence now and then and ANZ bank needs to keep up with the pace of change. The above report contains all the theories of change adopted by the management of ANZ bank and the consequences of change which they experienced in due course of time. The report also mentions the theories and models of change leadership which ANZ bank deployed to successfully transit from the previous working culture to new methods of work. The above mentioned theories are derived from the case study of ANZ bank which was done in detail and with much analysis. There is always scope for some modifications in the form of recommendation which is also illustrated in the report. ANZ bank being the leader in banking institutions in Australia and New Zealand has gone through much to keep its supremacy in the market for over half a century and are justified so. Reference Al-Haddad, S. and Kotnour, T., 2015. Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change. Journal of organizational change management, 28(2), pp.234-262. Blozis, S.A. and Harring, J.R., 2015. 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